This is thanks to Stuart Tyler and his Hatshepsut Project at
http://styler78hatshepsutproject.blogspot.com/2011_09_01_archive.html
Perhaps because the fragment rests in a rather obscure Scottish museum, I had never viewed an image of it and was so surprised and appalled that I asked Stuart if there was any possibility it might be a fake. You can see my conversation with him, as well. But he convinced me it was not and I then realized that, at the time of the building of Hatshepsut's mortuary complex, [ca. Year 7] Thutmose III was supposed to be out of the picture entirely. He really had lost his throne to Hatshepsut's ambitions.
They were not joint rulers at all or Neferura, Hatshepsut's daughter, would have been displayed as a mere princess and not with the diadem and sidelock of an heir apparent--yet another female pharaoh waiting in the wings. During my conversation with Stuart at his site, you can view the URLs to some images of Ramesside Era princes wearing a nearly identical diadem and sidelock.
[click on image for larger view]
There is nothing in existence depicting Thutmose, himself, as a prince. It is scarcely any wonder, then, in light of the above image, that William Petty, in a couple of articles, has pointed out that there are no unambiguous inscriptions of Thutmose III between his Year 5 and Year 13. Where was he and what was he up to? But, sometime after Year 13, Hatshepsut changed her mind and Thutmose began to appear with her on monuments albeit in a secondary position. Then, in her Year 21, Hatshepsut, herself, becomes absent from the record. Under the circumstances, I have to agree with Petty that Thutmose found it convenient to continue the last regnal date of the woman-king. He may have been the rightful sovereign, but it now seems to me he had been deposed, not merely eclipsed, and was not expected to ever resume his kingship during a certain period.
William Petty's paper in the journal, Ostracon, "Redating the Reign of Hatshepsut" can be found here:
http://www.egyptstudy.org/ostracon/vol12_2.pdf
There he gives an account of the items dated to the years of Thutmose III and Hatshepsut, finding a gap of seven for the former.
Addition of October 30: There is however, the problem of Thutmose III being depicted at the mortuary temple of Hatshepsut. According to Alberto Siliotti, construction of the temple of Hatshepsut took fifteen years, between years 7 and 22. Here is where I hit a limestone wall because I have no way of knowing if the depictions of Thutmose are contemporary or retrospective. For example, he is present in a scene commemorating the famous expedition to Punt in Year 9--but in which year was the scene executed? Probably not until at very least Year 10 and by then a co-regency may have been restored. Since I am not familiar with the stages of Djeser Djeseru, I can say no more until I have done more research on the temple.
Tuesday, October 25, 2011
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Thank you Marianne.
ReplyDeleteThis is a very interesting subject area. I hope that you are able to cross- reference your idea with other monumental inscriptions, etc to see if you are able to reach the same conclusion. If you consider continuing with the above, i would be pleased to hear from you(as always). I will share this with others and see what they think.
Certainly, but I think, in general, there has been a good deal of complacency about Hatshepsut to the point where some have made her out to be a benevolent guardian and decided that Thutmose III had nothing against her in the final analysis. This, I might add, shows rather a poor understanding of the oriental male. A Biblical character, mortally wounded by a woman letting fall a millstone upon his head, asked his armor-bearer to kill him so that no one could say he had been bested by a mere female. But, logically, why would Hatshepsut have assumed full pharaonic titles if not to steal the throne of Thutmose III?
ReplyDeleteThe sheer effort of winning a population of ancient Egyptians over to excepting a woman!!!!! as pharaoh even in the guise of step mother, must have been very very hard. But she proved to be better than any male pharaoh, At the death of her husband she may have believed that this was a care taking position. chris
ReplyDeleteWhy do you believe Hatshepsut was a better ruler than Thutmose III in the final analysis?
ReplyDelete